城市扶贫政策的消极性缺陷及其改进途径

The negative defect and betterment approaches to Chinese urban poverty aid policies

认为"积极福利"的核心理念是无责任即无权利,其具体的实施维度可以丰富和重构为四个方面,即保障生活、提升资本、增加权利和增强动力,其中资本包括人力资本和社会资本。从"积极福利"的角度看,我国现行城市扶贫政策存在较为明显的消极性,即侧重于从外部对贫困者进行基本生活救助,而相对忽视了挖掘和激发贫困者自身的潜能,这不利于搞好城市扶贫工作和构建和谐社会,应营建更加积极的城市扶贫政策。

This paper contends that the core of ＂positive welfare＂ is the unity of rights and responsibilities.The dimensionalities of ＂positive welfare＂ could be reconstructed by four aspects： ensuring survival,advancing human capital and social capital,enhancing right,and strengthening motivation.From the angle of ＂positive welfare＂,Chinese urban poverty reduction policies have obvious defect of negativity,that is,they emphasize particularly the external aid to the living of the poor,but relatively ignore exploiting and inspiring the potential of the poor themselves.This defect is bad for the urban antipoverty task and constructing harmony society,and more active urban poverty reduction policies should be constructed.