甘蓝型油菜隐性核不育系三交种的杂种优势分析

Heterosis Analysis of Recessive Genetic Male Sterile Triple-cross Hybrids in Brassica napus L.

甘蓝型油菜隐性上位核不育的优点是利用纯合两型系与临保系杂交可以获得全不育系。用全不育系和纯合两型系分别与恢复系杂交得到三交种和单交种,对其杂种优势进行比较,结果表明:三交种的株高、有效分枝高度、主花序有效角果数、角粒数等性状均优于单交种;在产量和抗菌核病方面三交种优于单交种而且异型核不育三交种优于同型核不育三交种。在杂交制种和不育系自然授粉的产量方面核全不育系明显优于核两型系和质不育系,从而使杂种成本大幅降低。所以隐性细胞核全不育系制种方便,成本较低,前景广阔。

The advantage of the recessive epistasis GMS was gaining all sterile line （ASL） by polliating temporary maintainer line（TML） to homozygous two-type line（HTL）. Triple-cross hybrids （TCH） and single-cross hybrids（SCH） were gained by cross between ASL and HTL with restorers respectively for their comparison of potential heterosis. The results showed that, plant height, location of effective branches, siliques of main inflorescence and seeds per silique in TCH was more than the SCH. TCH was dominant in resistance against Sclerotinia Slerotiorum and yield relatively, and the heterogeneous TCH preceded the same TCH. At the points of yield of hybrid seeds production and natural pollination of sterile line, ASL was notably higher than HTL and CMS, and lowed the cost to large extent, So, the ASL of recessive genetic make it convenient of hybrid seeds production, lowed cost and have a vast prospects.