鳞柄小奥德蘑发酵产物抑菌活性初步研究

The Primary Studies on Fungicidal Activity of Fermentation Products of Oudemansiella furfuracea

采用抑制菌丝生长速率法、活体组织法及盆栽法对鳞柄小奥德蘑发酵产物的抑菌活性进行了研究。结果表明,鳞柄小奥德蘑发酵产物具有较强的抑菌活性,且抑菌活性成分主要分布于菌丝体提取物中。在供试浓度为0.5 mg/mL(菌丝干重)时,其菌丝体丙酮提取物对苹果腐烂病菌(Cytospora sp.)、烟草赤星病菌(Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler)、苹果炭疽病菌(Golletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz.et Sacc.)、玉米小斑病菌(Bipolaris maydis(Nisikado.et Miyake)Shoem.)和番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cirerea Pers.et Tris.)等5种病原真菌菌丝生长抑制率均高于80%;在活体组织法测定中,菌丝体丙酮提取物对番茄灰霉病具有较好的防治效果,3 d的治疗效果和保护效果分别为71.2%和76.2%;在盆栽试验中对玉米大斑病菌(Exserohilum turcicum(Pass.)Leonard&Suggs)和小麦白粉病(Blumeria graminis(DC.)Speer.f.sp.tritici Marchal)的治疗效果和保护效果均在60%以上。

The fungicidal activities of the fermentation products of Oudernansiella furfuracea were tested. The results showed that the fermertation products of Oudernansiella furfuracea had high antifungi activities and the antifungi ingredients were existed in the mycelium. Under the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, by means of mycelium growth rate colony diameter on fungicide amended medium, In vitro, the acetone extracts of the mycelium were noticeably antifungi activities against Cytospora sp. , Alternaria alternata （Fries） Keissler, Golletotrichurn gloeosporioides（Penz. ）Penz. et Sacc. , Bipolarisrnaydis （Nisikado. et Miyake）Shoem. and Botrytis cirerea Pers. et Tris. , the inhabitation rate were over 80%. The protection and therapy effectiveness of the acetone extracts with organize method were experimented on cucumber leaf showed that acetone extracts had high effect on Botrytis cirerea Pers. et Tris. ,the effectiveness of therapeutic and protective were 71.2% and 76.2%,respectively. Pot tests indicated that the acetone extracts had high effective control effect on the Exserohilurn turcicurn （Pass.） Leonard ＆ Suggs and Blurneria grarninis （DC.）Speer. f. sp. tritici Marchal ,the effec tiveness of therapeutic and protective were both over 60%, respectively. The results showed that the acetone extracts of the mycelium of fermentation products of Oudernansiella furfuracea had obvious activities against the pathogens, so the components of fungicidal activities should have further re searched.