价值链的片断化及其对国际分工的影响

Fragmentation of Value Chain and Its Effects on International Labor Division

在过去20年里,随着运输成本特别是通信成本的下降以及设计和生产模块化程度的提高,生产过程呈现出片断化的趋势,跨国公司在片断化的全球生产网络中的作用是能在全球范围内调配资源,操纵着价值链的引擎,获取高额利润。价值链的片断化对国际分工格局影响明显,增强发展中国家产业的脆弱性,同时也为其创造了产业升级的机会,对发达国家的影响是其表现出"产业空心化"的特征。

In the past two decades, with the decline of transportation cost, and in particular that of communication cost and the progress of module application in design and production, the production process is prone to become fragmentized. The role of the multinationals in the fragmentized global production network is to allocate resources over the world, manipulate the engine of value chain so as to obtain high profits. The fragmentation of value chain exerts distinct impact on international labor division, While for developing countries it deteriorates the frailty of the industries though creating opportunities for industrial upgradation, for developed countries it leads to industrial hollowing.