粉煤灰提取氧化铝研究现状

Present status of research on extracting alumina from fly ash

粉煤灰中氧化铝质量分数可达15%-40%,是制备氧化铝和氢氧化铝的很好资源。综述了近年来国内外从粉煤灰中提取氧化铝的制备工艺及进展,主要分为酸浸取法及烧结法。分别从各制备工艺的特点、优点及其存在的缺陷等方面进行简要的评述,并对其发展趋势进行了阐述。传统制备工艺不同程度地存在能量消耗高、产生二次污染、生产周期长、提取率不稳等不足。采用超声波、微波等新技术代替传统制备工艺中的煅烧、研磨和氟化物助溶等高耗能、高污染的技术将具有广阔的应用前景。

Fly ash is a very good resource for preparing alumina and alugel, because the mass fraction of alumina in it can be up to 15% -40%. In this paper,the preparation processes and research progress of extracting alumina from fly ash in China and abroad were introduced. The preparation processes were mainly divided into acid extraction method and sintering method. The author made brief comments on the process features, advantages and shortcomings and represented their development trend. The traditional processes all have the shortcomings with varying degrees of high energy, consumption, secondary pollution, long production periodicity and unstable extraction rate etc.. The new technologies, adopting ultrasonic and microwave etc. to replace the high energy consumed and seriously polluted sintering, grinding and fluoride fluxing technologies will have broad application prospect.