东莞市空气微生物污染状况研究

Investigation on situation of air-borne microbes in Dongguan City

目的:了解东莞市主要公共场所空气微生物的污染状况。方法:用JWL-IIB新型固体撞击式多功能空气微生物监测仪于2006年1月～12月每季度中下旬对东莞市5个功能不同的公共场所进行空气微生物监测。每季度1次,采样高度为距地面1.0 m处。结果:5个监测点空气细菌、真菌和微生物总数含量(cfu/m3)分别为常平汽车站候车厅(5650,960,6680)、常平汽车站出口(5780,1210,6990)、市场二街居民区(3660,1270,4930)、木抡工业区(4410,1190,5600)、常平步行街(3660,400,4930)。细菌和真菌含量(cfu/m3)的季节变化分别为春(4450)>夏(4120)>冬(3920)>秋(3760)和夏(1590)>春(880)>冬(850)>秋(710)。细菌以革兰阳性菌为主,其中芽孢杆菌(44.44%)和葡萄球菌(27.78%)占多数;真菌以青霉(30.77%)和曲霉(30.78%)为主。结论:东莞市5个监测点只有常平步行街空气细菌含量小于2500 cfu/m3,属于较清洁级(Ⅱ),其余监测点空气细菌、真菌和总数达到轻微污染和污染级(Ⅲ和Ⅳ)。

Objective：To investigate the air pollution of microorganism in Dongguan City.Methods：Air sampling was carried out at the height of 1.0 m above ground in five public places in Dongguan City using JWL-IIB Air-Borne Microbial Sampling Apparatus.Results：The air-borne bacterial,fungal and total microbial contents（cfu/m^3） were the Changping motor station lounge（5650,960,6680）,the exit（5780,1210,6990）,market two street residential areas（3660,1270,4930）,the mulun industrial district（4410,1190,5600） and Changping walking street（820,400,1220） respectively.The seasonal changes of the air-borne bacterial and fungal of contents（cfu/m^3） were spring（4450）〉summer（4120）〉winter（3920）〉autumn（3760）and summer（1590）〉spring（880）〉winter（850）〉autumn（710）.Most of the bacterial strains were gram positive bacteria,the dominant strains of which were spore-producing rod（44.44%） and the staphylococcus（27.78%）.While air-borne fungi were mainly penicillium（30.77%） and asperpllus（30.78%）.Conclusion：Except for the air-borne bacterial contents（cfu/m^3） of Changping walking street less than 2500,the bacterial,fungal and total microbial contents（cfu/m^3） of other points in Dongguan City achieve the pollution levels（Ⅲ and Ⅳ）.