宁波市鲜活水产品重金属含量调查及评价

Survey and evaluation of heavy metal content in fresh aquatic product in Ningbo

目的:对宁波市场水产品中的重金属含量进行调查和评价。方法:随机选择35个采样点,共采集230份样品,采用国标中规定的食品中重金属检测方法进行测定。结果:铅检出范围为ND～2.921 mg/kg,超标率0.4%;砷检出范围为ND～6.673 mg/kg,超标率19.1%;镉检出范围为ND～0.34 mg/kg,未超标;汞检出范围为ND～0.192 mg/kg,未超标;铜检出范围为0.098～85.9 mg/kg,超标率0.4%;锌检出范围为0.146～187.8 mg/kg,超标率0.4%;锰检出范围为0.03～47.82 mg/kg,超标率6.9%;铁检出范围为ND～2824.76 mg/kg,超标率8.3%;铬含量的检出范围ND～8.272 mg/kg,超标率22.6%。砷、锰、铁超标率在蟹类中要高于鱼类和虾类(P<0.01)。海水养殖产品中砷超标率高于淡水产品,淡水养殖产品中锰和铁超标率高于海水产品(P<0.001)。结论:宁波市鲜活水产品含量超标的重金属主要是砷、锰、铁和铬,长期食用将损害人体健康。

Objective：To survey and evaluate the content of heavy metal in fresh aquatic product of Ningbo.Methods：The heavy metals were detected with corresponding analysis techniques recommended in national criterion in 230 samples collected from 35 random places.Results：The detecting ranges and the over limit rates of lead（Pb）,arsenic（As）,cadmium（Cd）,hydrargyrum（Hg）,cuprum（Cu）,zinc（Zn）,manganese（Mn）,iron（Fe） and chromium（Cr） were ND～2.921 mg/kg and 0.4%,ND～6.673 mg/kg and 19.1%,ND～0.34 mg/kg and 0%,ND～0.192 mg/kg and 0%,0.098~85.9 mg/kg and 0.4%,0.146～187.8 mg/kg and 0.4%,0.03～47.82 mg/kg and 6.9%,ND～2824.76 mg/kg and 8.3%,ND～8.272 mg/kg and 22.6%,respectively.The over limit rates of As,Mn and Fe in crab were higher than that in fish and caridoid（P〈0.01）.Furthermore, the over limit rates of As in seafood were higher than that in the limnetic foods but that of Mn and Fe were inverse（P〈0.001）.Conclusion：The mainly heavy metal pollutants beyond the national criterion were As,Mn,Fe and As in fresh aquatic product of Ningbo markets.And long-term taking those aquatic foods abundant in heavy mental may be harm to body.