开花期加拿大一枝黄花水浸提液对3种作物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

On Effects of Maceration Extract from Solidago canadensis in Flower Period on Seed Germination and Grow of Three Crops

测定了入侵杂草加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)开花期的茎、叶和花序水浸提液对辣椒(Capsicum annuum)、番茄(Lycoperiscum esculetum)、长梗白菜(Brassica chinensisvar.commu-nis)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:(1)处于开花期的加拿大一枝黄花存在明显的化感作用,在25 mg.mL-1时,对3种作物种子苗生长有促进作用,浸提液高于50 mg.mL-1时,作物种子的萌发率和生长受到抑制,这种抑制作用随处理液浓度的提高而增强,在100 mg.mL-1浓度处理下,甚至使作物种子失去活力;(2)加拿大一枝黄花叶和花序的水浸提液对种子萌发和生长的影响要大于其茎的浸提液;(3)在3种作物中,长梗白菜种子对加拿大一枝黄花水浸提液的敏感性最高。

The effects maceration extract from Solidago canadensis in flower period on seed germination and grow of three crops including Capsicum annuum ,Lycoperiscum esculetum and Braxxica chinensis var. communis were determined. The main results are as follows： （ 1 ） Strong allelopathic effects of Solidago canadensis in flower period were observed,with facilitating effect on growth of crop seedling under treatment with 25 mg·mL^-1 water extract from Solidago canadensis and the inhibiting effect with 50 mg·mL^-1 or more. The inhibiting effects become stronger with the concentration increase of the water extract from Solidago canadensis,even kill the crop seed with the treatment of 100mg·mL^-1 ;（2）The allelopathic effects of the leaves and inflorescences of Solidago canadensis on these three crops are strong than those from the stems;（3） Among these three crop species ,the seed of Brassica chinensis var. communis is more sensitive to the water extract of Solid, go canadensis than those of Capsicum annuum,Lycoperiscum esculetum.