白桦天然种群木材化学成分的地理变异与相关性研究

Researches on Correlation and Geographic Variation in Wood Chemical Compositions of Betula platphylla in Natural Stands

以东北地区5个天然白桦种群为研究对象,进行了木材的化学成分分析。结果表明:除1%NaOH抽出物、综纤维素、聚戊糖外,种群间化学成分含量差异都显著,并且各种群变异较大,这为白桦纸浆材种群间选择和种群内选择提供了可能。白桦天然种群间灰分与苯醇抽出物含量呈显著正相关,综纤维素与聚戊糖含量呈显著正相关。灰分和抽出物含量的变异与经度呈一定程度负相关,综纤维素和聚戊糖与纬度呈一定程度正相关,木素与纬度呈一定程度负相关。这表明,选择较高经纬度地区的白桦,可以降低灰分、抽出物、木素含量,提高综纤维素和聚戊糖含量。

Chemical compositions of the wood of Betula platyphylla were studied, which grew in five natural stands of the Northeast of China. The results showed as follows ： the chemical compositions among the populations were different obviously, except 1% NaOH extraction, holocellulose and pentosan content. And the variation in each population was quite which could provide the possibility for selection among and within populations for pulpwood of this species. A significant positive correlation between the content of ash and benzo-alcohol extraction of the wood existed among the populations. Besides, the holocellulose and pentosan content were also great positively correlated each other in the wood. Some negative correlations could be seen between the content of ash, benzo-alcohol extraction and longitude, as well as between lignin and latitude, also some positive relations between the holocellulose, pentosan content and latitude. That means the birch from high longitude and latitude areas will have lower content of the ash, extraction and lignin, higher content of the holocellulose and pentosan in the wood.