海南霸王岭青梅林群落特征研究

Community Characteristics of Vatica mangachapoi Forest of Bawangling in Hainan,South China

基于海南岛霸王岭林区青梅林群落的野外调查数据,分析了青梅林群落的结构、物种组成以及群落特征.结果表明:(1)青梅林群落中物种数较多的科有茜草科(Rubiaceae),大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)、番荔枝科(Annonaceae),分别有物种13、8、5种;而重要值最大的科为龙脑香科(Dipterocarpaceae).(2)霸王岭青梅林在生活型主要表现为常绿中高位芽的物种较多,占总物种的41.49%;叶级谱表现为中型叶较多,占总数的67.02%,全缘叶物种占总数的92.55%,单叶物种占总数的72.40%,群落中革质叶物种数稍多于纸质叶的物种,另外全缘叶占绝对优势,表现了群落的热带性质和常绿性.(3)霸王岭青梅林中青梅的相对密度达66.12%,表明群落为单优青梅林.青梅林下草本植物稀少,主要由青梅和其它树木的幼树幼苗组成,而藤本植物却异常丰富.(4)青梅林群落中大树较少而小树较多,且乔木层树种分布不均匀,表明海南霸王岭青梅林群落处于发育的初级阶段,而且存在着分化和演替的趋势.

The structure, species composition, community characteristics of the Vatica mangachapoi forest were studied based on the data collected from Bawangling national nature reserve, Hainan island. The results showed ： （1） The families with richness species were Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Annonaceae, which has 13,8,5 species respectively. The family with the largest important value was Dipterocarpaceae. （2）The V. rnangachapoi forest was mainly dominated by evergreen mesophanerpphytes with mesophyllous leaves. The forest has slightly more species with leathery leaves than those with paper leaves,that indicated the V. rnangachapoi has more evergreen species. Of total species, 92.55% species have entire leaves and the rest have non-entire leaves, which embodied the tropical property of the forest. Of the total species, 72.4 % have simple leaves. （3）The relative density of V. rnangachapoi is up to 66. 12% ,which indicates that the forest community is a monodominant community. In the V. rnangachapoi, liana species are very abundant and herbs are less abundant,the understorey are dominated by seedlings and saplings of tree species. （4）In the community,there are many more individuals with small DBH than those with large DBH,and tree species disperse very uneven in the upper canopy,which means that the community is in its earlier stage of succession, and it has the tendency of differentiation and succession.