感染在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的作用

Infection in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）具有很高的发病率和病死率,而慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重（AECOPD）则是COPD患者就诊以及住院治疗的主要原因,它不仅会加快病程的进展,使肺功能出现急剧下降,还会增加疾病相关病死率。所以,积极治疗AECOPD对于延缓COPD的病程、降低病死率非常重要。正确的治疗是建立在对病因学充分认识基础上的,感染因素是AECOPD最重要的原因,相关的研究也是COPD以及AECOPD研究的重点,目前已经充分认识到了这一因素的重要性,相关治疗措施已应用于临床。但是仍有一些尚待明确的问题,尤其是在细菌感染方面。本文结合近年来众多相关文献,对感染原因引起的AECOPD作一综述。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） is characterized by airflow obstruction that is progressive and not fully reversible with a high morbidity and mortality. Acute exacerbation is a leading cause of hospital admission for the patients with COPD. It can not only aggravate the disease, hut also expedite the course of COPD and decrease the lung function. So it is very important to treat the exacerbation of COPD actively in order to postpone the course of those patients with COPD. As known, correct treatments are based on full recognition of the etiology. Infection is the most important cause of acute exacerbation of COPD（AECOPD）, so studies about infective effect on AECOPD are the point of concern. So far, the importance of this factor is realized and relevant treatments have been applied to clinical work. But still there are some problems unsolved, especially in the aspect of bacterial infection. They still need more well＇designed studies to he confirmed.