个体化教育对糖尿病患者血糖水平和自我管理能力的影响

Study on the effect of individualized education on blood sugar level and self-management ability in diabetic patients

目的研究个体化教育对糖尿病患者血糖水平和自我管理能力的影响。方法选择118例2型糖尿病患者,分为个体化教育组和集体教育组,集体教育组每周定时进行糖尿病知识讲座;个体化教育组采取一对一的个体化指导方式。观察教育前、教育后3个月和教育后6个月空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白及患者自我管理行为等方面的变化。结果①个体化教育组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白结果明显好于集体教育组(P<0.05)。且教育后6个月,个体化教育组患者3项指标仍在继续改善,而集体教育组患者则无进一步改善。②在自我管理能力方面,个体化教育组较集体教育组效果明显(P<0.01)。教育后6个月,个体化教育组患者自我管理能力仍维持良好,与教育后3个月相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而集体教育组患者自我管理能力则明显降低,与教育后3个月相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对糖尿病患者实施个体化教育能有效地控制血糖水平,提高其自我管理能力,较传统的集体化教育模式更具有优越性。

Objective To explore the effect of individualized education on blood sugar level and self - management ability in diabetic patients. Methods 118 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into individualized education group and collective education group. The fasting plasma glucose （FPG） ,2 h postprandial plasma glucose （2h PBG） ,HbAIe and patients＇ self - management behaviors were assessed at baseline,3 - month and 6 - month. Results Compared with collective education group,①the patients in invidualized education group had much more improvement in FPG,2h PBG,and HbAIe（P 〈0.05）. Moreover,the parameters were kept stable at 6 -month in individualized education group,while deteriorated in collective education group. ②The patients in individualized education group had more effective on self- management ability. Moreover,there was no significant difference on self - management ability of the patients in individualized education group between 3 - month and 6 - month （P 〉 0.05 ）. But the patients in collective education group had lower on self- management, there were signif- icant difference between 3 - month and 6 - month （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Individualized education is helpful to control blood sugar level and improve self- management ability in diabetic patients ,which is proved to be more effective than collective education.