应用EQC模型评估灭蚁灵和十氯酮的环境归趋

An Assessment of the Environmental Fates of Mirex and Chlordecone Using EQC Model

应用EQC模型评估了灭蚁灵和十氯酮在多介质环境中的行为和归趋.结果表明,在稳定平衡状态下,灭蚁灵和十氯酮在土壤相中的残留率分别达95.6%和94.5%;在稳定非平衡状态下,灭蚁灵除直接排放到大气相、十氯酮除直接排放到水体相中外,还分别约有38%残留在排放相外,它们在大气相和水体相中的浓度水平和质量分布均很低,在沉积物相中则来自于水体相向沉积物相的沉降.灭蚁灵主要通过大气相的水平迁移以及大气相和土壤相中的化学反应降解输出;十氯酮则主要通过水体相的水平迁移和土壤相的厌氧反应降解输出.灭蚁灵的主要界面迁移过程是水体相向沉积物相的沉降,其次是沉积物相向水体相的扩散;十氯酮则是大气相向土壤相的迁移,其次是水体相向沉积物相的沉降和大气相向水体相的迁移.

Behavior and fate of Mirex and Chlordecone in generic environment are evaluated using EQC model. Results show that soil is the dominant sink of Mirex and Chlordecone. Under steady state and equilibrium conditions, 95.6% and 94.5 % of them will reside in the soil respectively. Under steady state and non-equilibrium conditions both residual concentrations and mass distributions of Mirex and Chlordecone in the air and water are very low except that about 38 % of them remain in the compartments where they are emitted. Mirex and Chlordecone in the sediment are the results of deposition in the water. Adjective transport in the air and the reactive loss in the air and soil are important for Mirex, whereas advective transport in the water and degradation in the soil is important for Chlordecone. Among all the intermedia transfer processes, deposition from water to sediment is the most important for Mirex, followed by diffusion from sediment to water. For Chlordecone, transfer from air to soil is the key process, and the next ones are deposition from water to sediment and transfer from air to water.