我国居民医疗资源利用状况的不平等

The Inequality of Health Care Utilization in China

医疗资源利用状况的不平等,是指不同收入组的居民在利用医疗资源方面存在显著的差异。根据2004年的中国营养与健康调查(CHNS)数据,用多元logit模型估计出我国居民医疗支出的价格弹性和收入弹性,结果表明:低收入的居民偏向于到基础医院就诊,高收入的居民偏向于到高级医院就诊;与高收入的居民相比,低收入居民受到的收入约束更大,特别是在患重病的时候,低收入居民的医疗费用更高,经济负担更重。

The inequality of health care utilization is defined as that the utilization of health care is different between income groups. Basing on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2004, the price and income elasticites are estimated by a multinomial logit （MNL） model. It is concluded that the lower income group is more likely to seek medical care in basic hospital, while the higher income group prefers advanced hospital to basic hospital. In addition, the demand of health care in lower income group is more elastic than that of higher income group when the illness is severe, and the burden of high medical expenditure to the poor residents is more heavier than that of rich residents.