颅骨生长性骨折的病理学基础和临床X线研究

Pathological Basis,Clinic and X ray Analysis of Traumatic Growing Skull Fracture

本文报告１０例生长性颅骨骨折，对该病的形成机理、病理学基础、Ｘ线表现及其类型进行了探讨。该病的特征为骨折多见于额骨和顶骨，多发生于颅骨生长的活跃期，在骨折同时伴有硬脑膜和蛛网膜的破裂，随后硬脑膜缺损，骨折扩大形成一个颅骨缺损，伴随着骨折下方脑的挫伤和局限性脑肿胀，常致使头部局限性包块形成。局限性大脑损害可导致一组晚期的病理学后遗症改变包括：局限性脑萎缩、脑穿通或囊肿、局限性脑室扩大以及复杂的疤痕可累及硬脑膜、软脑膜、蛛网膜和大脑。除此之外，我们认为颅骨下硬脑膜的分离和局部缺血也可是颅骨生长性骨折的原因之一。

cases of traumatic growing skull fracture are described.The mechanism,the pathological basis,x ray appearances and classification of growing skull fracture are discussed.The characteristics of growing skull fracture as follows:skull fracture was frequently seen in parietal and frontal bone.A diastasis skull fracture was the period of most active cranial growth.The dural and arachnoid mater were torn at the time of the fracture.Subsequent dural mater defect,enlargement of the fracture form a cranial defect accompanied with contusion and local swelling of the brain beneath the fracture,commonly resulting in local bulging of the skull in that region.The local cerebral injury may result a variety of late pathological sequelae including:local cerebral atrophy,porencephalic or cysts,focal ventricular dilatation,and complex scarring involving dura,pia arachnoid and cerebrum.Besides above mentioned,authors consider that formation of growing skull fractures may be due to separation of the underling dura mater and lack of blood supply.