利用人骨髓基质干细胞异位构建组织工程化骨的实验研究

Experimental study of construction of tissue engineered bone ectopically by human bone marrow mesenchymal tern cells

目的 探讨以人骨髓基质干细胞为种子细胞、以部分脱钙骨为支架材料在体内构建组织工程化骨的可行性及其成骨机制。方法 培养、扩增人骨髓基质干细胞，将第4代hBMSCs接种于部分脱钙骨支架上，通过扫描电镜观察其生长和粘附情况，并测量粘附率。于裸鼠皮下植入人骨髓基质干细胞和部分脱钙骨复合物，以无细胞部分脱钙骨作对照。8及12周取材观察。结果 8及12周复合物植入组均见新骨形成，多数骨小梁表面衬有一层成骨细胞样细胞，提示可能存在膜内成骨。单纯部分脱钙骨植入组未见新骨形成。结论 人骨髓基质干细胞与部分脱钙骨复合可以在体内构建组织工程化骨；其成骨机制可能为膜内成骨。

Objective To study the possibility and mechanism of construction of tissue engineered bone with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem eells（hBMSCs） as seeding cells and partially demineralized bone matrix（pDBM） as scaffold. Methods hBMSCs are cultured and mutiplified. The 4th grade hBMSCs are seeded on the pDBM, the growth and adhesion of hBMSCs on pDBM are observed under scanning electro microscope. The adhesion efficiency is assessed. The complexes are implanted in the nude mice subcutaneously, the pDBM without cells as control. The grafts are taken out on the 8th and 12th week. Results There is new bone formation on the 8th and 12th week in complex group. There is a layer of osteoblast like cells adhered on the surface of most of the new bone, which suggest the possibility of intramembranous ossification. There is no bone formation in control group. Conclusions Tissue engineered bone can be constructed with hBMScs and pDBM in vivo, and the mechanism of which could be intramembranous ossification.