宁夏南部山区不同耕作方式对冬小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响

Effect of different tillage practices on yield and water utilization of winter wheat in south mountainous area of Ningxia

为探讨在宁南山区推广保护性耕作技术的可行性，2005～2006年在宁夏彭阳县就垄沟、传统、覆膜3种不同的耕作方式的适应性进行试验研究，对比分析了3种耕作方式下冬小麦的生长状况、产量及农田土壤含水量变化的关系。结果表明：覆膜耕作可增加土壤蓄水保墒性能，提高水分利用效率，增产增效明显。对三种耕作方式下作物产量进行分析，覆膜耕作比传统耕作增产46％；垄沟耕作比传统耕作减产71％。覆膜耕作水分利用效率比传统耕作提高了33％；垄沟耕作由于在越冬期垄上冬小麦大面积冻死，不适宜在宁南山区推广。

In order to make clear the possibility to extend conservation tillage in the south mountainous area of N ingxia, a field experiment including three tillage treatments, namely bed planting, control and planting beside the fihn, was conducted in Wangwa Village, Pengyang County in 2005 -- 2006 . This paper analyzed the relationship between wheat yield, yield components and soil water content under different tillage practices. The results showed that planting beside the film could improve soil water retention, and increase water use efficiency and yield to 33 % and 46 % than control respectively. Because the bed planting have poor ability of heat preservation, winter wheat are winterkilled, so we discard this mode in that area.