豆科牧草水浸提液的酚酸物质含量及化感潜力

Quantification and Allelopathy Potential of Phenolic Acids in Aqueous Extracts of Legumes

酚酸是豆科牧草水浸提液中一类重要的化感物质。试验采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定了紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa L.cv.Alfaking)、毛苕子(Vicia rillosa Roth.)、黄花草木樨(Melilotus of ficinalis Desr.)、白三叶(Trifoliumrepens L.cv.Haifa)、红三叶(Trifoliumpretense L.)和杂三叶(Trifoliumhybridum L.)地上部分水浸提液中对羟基苯甲酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、原儿茶酸、丁香酸、香草酸和肉桂酸9种酚酸的含量,并检测了这6种豆科牧草水浸提液处理以及不同浓度的酚酸纯品溶液处理对多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lam.cv.Tetragold)幼苗根生长的影响。结果表明:豆科牧草水浸提液处理能显著地抑制多花黑麦草幼苗根生长,抑制率达59.6%～97.7%;所测9种酚酸在供试豆科牧草水浸提液中普遍存在;酚酸类物质的化感作用强弱因种类而有显著差异,但均随浓度升高而加强;豆科牧草水浸提液中酚酸类物质的化感潜力存在相互作用。

Phenolic acid is one of the allelochemicals. Phenolic acids, namely p-hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic,caffeic, ferulic, p-coumaric, protocatechuic,syringic,vanillic and cinnamonic acids, in aqueous extracts of over ground part of alfalfa（Medicago sativa L. cv. Alfaking）, hairy vetch（Vicia rillosa Roth. ）, yellow sweetclover （Melilotus officinalis Desr. ）, white clover（Trifolium repens L. cv. Haifa）, red clover （Trifollum pretense L. ）, and alsike clover（Trifolium hybridum L. ）had been quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. And the inhibition rate of root growth of Italian ryegrass（Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Tetragold）treated by the aqueous extracts and phenolic acid solutions were tested. The re sult showed that root growth of Italian ryegrass seedling was inhibited significantly by application of the aqueous extracts with inhibition rates of 59.6%～97.7%. Nine tested phenolic acids were all detected in the aqueous extracts of the 6 tested legumes. Althought the allelopathic effect of the phenolic acids on root growth of Italian ryegrass seedlings was significantly different, but the inhibition rate of the root growth was stronger with the phenolic acid solutions concentration increasing. Allelopathic interactions existed among phenolic acids in the aqueous extracts of legume herbages.