中重度智力落后学生对汉语副词理解的研究

A Study on Understanding of the Chinese Adverbs for Moderate and Severe Mentally Retarded Students

通过对128名中重度智力落后学生汉语副词的理解的实验研究,结果表明:(1)7岁至18岁的智力落后学生在程度副词、时间副词、范围副词中,理解得最好的是时间副词。(2)智力落后学生理解程度副词的正确率在组别维度上都存在着显著的差异;对副词"最"的理解在7岁至14岁之间发展迅速,对副词"很"、"比较"的理解在11岁至18岁之间发展迅速,对副词"有点"的理解在7岁至18岁期间发展均衡。(3)智力落后学生在15岁之前范围副词"只有"、"全部"发展迅速。(4)智力落后学生15岁之前时间副词"已经"发展迅速,对时间副词"将要"的理解在7岁至18岁期间发展大体均衡。

Through testing 128 moderate and severe mentally retarded students, the paper studies their understanding of the Chinese adverbs. The results indicate that： （1） Students aged between 7 and 18 can understand the time adverbs best among degree adverbs, time adverbs and scope adverbs. （2） There is significant difference for the retarded students in understanding the degree adverbs. Students＇ understanding of the adverb ＂most＂ develops rapidly between 7 and 14 years old. Their understanding of＂very＂and＂comparatively＂develops fast between 11 and 18 years old, and they have balanced development of understanding ＂rather＂ between 7 and 18 years old. （3） Those students＇ understanding of ＂only＂ and＂completely＂develops rapidly before 15 years old. （4） Retarded students＇ understanding of ＂already＂develops fast before 15 years old and they have balanced development of understanding＂will＂ between 7 and 18 years old.