明清时期动态助词“将”的发展演变及衰亡原因

Changes of "Jiang(将) ",the Auxiliary Word of Tense in Ming and Qing Dynasties and Brief Remarks on Its Disappearance

"将"是近代汉语中新产生的一个动态助词,萌芽于魏晋,形成于唐代,宋元时期得到充分发展,明清则开始走向衰落。论文通过穷尽调查《金瓶梅词话》、《醒世姻缘传》、《聊斋俚曲》三部语料中"将"的使用情况,结合"将"所在的句式,对明清时期的动态助词"将"进行了描写分析,揭示了动态助词"将"发展演变的轨迹、在明清时期呈现出的特点以及消亡的原因。

＂Jiang＂ is a newly generated auxiliary word of tense in modem Chinese. This word which declined from Ming and Qing Dynasties was germinated in Wei and Jin Dynasties, formed in Tang Dynasty and developed in Song and Yuan Dynasties, respectively. In this paper, based on the extensive investigation of Jinpingmei Cihua, Xingshiyinyuanzhuan, Liaozhailiqu, and combined with the syntax which includes ＂Jiang＂, the usage of this word in Ming and Qing Dynasties was analyzed to illustrate the track of its changes, characteristics in Ming and Qing Dynasties and the reason for its disappearance.