试析道家教学思想的方法论特征

Tentative Analysis of the Methodological Characteristics of the Taoist Teaching Thoughts

道家从自然人本主义教育观出发尊道而尚"自然"。其教学方法论思想的基点就在于尊重学习主体的自然自我,顺应自然,无为而治。其基本特征表现为通一而毕,取法自然;无为之治,不言之教;逆向而求,"复"而反"约";智恬交养,心与物齐等等。探索其教学方法论的思想底蕴,对于我们反观当代教育,超越局限性,具有重要意义。

As Taoism worships the Tao and esteems the ＂nature＂ with the educational notion of natural humanist principle, its thoughts on teaching methodology holds that the learner＇ s subject itself is to be respected. Its features are as follows： drawing inferences about other cases from one instance, governing by non- interference, inverse thinking and the harmonious development of the intellect and mentality. The exploration of what underlies the Taoist teaching thoughts plays an important role in the reflecting of contemporary education and in surpassing its limitations.