美国三类私立高等学校经费筹措特点比较

Comparison of Three Kinds of US Private Universities and Colleges in Fund Raising

美国私立高校的成功之道在于合理的市场定位。私立研究型大学拥有很高的声望,并面向全国招生,它们是提供最好的高等教育的代表。其经费筹措的特点是科研经费很高,捐赠收入异常高,学费也是最高的。私立文理学院大多数有悠久的历史,主要面向特殊的受教育群体招生,它们是提供有特色的高等教育的代表。其经费筹措的特点是能获得一定的科研经费,能得到较多的捐赠收入,学费也较高。私立城市大学名望较低,主要面向地方招生,它们是提供更多的高等教育的代表。其经费筹措的特点是科研经费很少,捐赠收入很少,对学费的依存度很高。

The success of private universities and colleges in United States attributes to the rational market orientation. Private universities are usually very famous, enrolling students from the whole country, supplying the best kind of higher education, and getting funds by way of high research funding, high donation and high tuition. The private liberal arts colleges usually have a long history, enrolling students from special groups, supplying the specific kind of higher education, and getting funds by way of modest research funding, relatively high donation and relatively high tuition. The private municipal universities usually have low fame, enrolling students from local areas, supplying as more higher education as possible, and getting funds by way of little research funding, little donation and very high tuition.