地球化学模型的应用现状及发展趋势

CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE ADVANCEMENTS OF GEOCHEMICAL MODELS

地球化学模型是定量研究地球化学系统中水－岩－气相互作用的新方法．根据其研究内容、理论依据和结构方法的不同，现有的地球化学模型可分为３类：即组分分布模型、物质平衡模型和物质迁移或反应路径模型．它们被广泛地应用于地质学、材料学和环境学等领域中．地球化学模型新的发展方法表现为：模型中输入变量（参数）的不确定性及灵敏度分析、模型的有效性分析及地下水流与化学反应的耦合等．

Geochemical models are new methods used to determine quantitatively the water rock gas interaction in the geo chemistry systems.Geochemical models,which can be classified into three types,i.e.Speciation calculations,mass balance calculations and mass transfer or reaction path calculations in terms of the purpose,basic theory and structure of different models,have been widely used in geology,environment and material sciences.The future advancements of the geochemical models will focus on the uncertainty study and sensitivity analysis of model,model validation analysis and the coupling of groundwater flow models with geochemical models.