医疗权的伦理辩护

Justify the Right to Health Care

为国家设定建立医疗保障体系和高效优质的医疗服务体系以保障和促进人民健康义务的基本人权是医疗权,而不是健康权。合作抵御包括疾病在内的自然的侵害,是人际社会形成的重要根据。现代医疗服务已经成为一种基本的善,一种人之生命的必需。病人的医疗权是病人对分享社会合作成果的一种期待,这种期待具有伦理的正当性,能够得到伦理的辩护。这种作为正当性期待的医疗权本身又要受限于权利秩序中当时的条件和资源。

The right of health service instead of the right to health is the fundamental human right which imposes the state a fundamental positive duty to act, that is, to establish a health security service and an efficient and high quality medical service system. A rational for the establishment of human society is to defend against the intrusion of natural disasters including disease. The modern medical service has been a fundamental good and an essential necessity of human life. The right to medical treatment is an expectation of patients to share the output of sccial cooperation. Such an expectation is ethically justifiable. But as a justifiable expectation, the right to medical treatment is limited by the concurrent conditions and resources in the order of rights.