大白菜挖心栽培技术的研究

Study on Coring Cultivation Technique of Chinese Cabbage

[目的]探索袖珍白菜和超大白菜生产的新方法。[方法]对莲座前期、莲座中期、莲座后期、结球前期的大白菜分别进行挖心处理,研究挖心对其生长发育、结球以及产量的影响。[结果]挖心的时间越早,越不利于植株的生长及结球和得到较高的单株产量。无论在什么时期进行挖心处理都会对大白菜根、茎、叶的生长发育产生重大影响;莲座前期挖心会出现侧芽易位,使产量降低20%;莲座中期挖心会产生袖珍型单株多球大白菜;莲座后期挖心会使得大白菜严重畸形并失去应用价值;结球前期挖心则会形成增产36%的超大型白菜。[结论]在不同时期挖心处理会使得大白菜出现侧芽易位、多球、严重畸形、超大增产等现象。

[Objective] The research aimed to explore new method in the production of pocket Chinese cabbage and super-large Chinese cabbage. [Method] Coring treatments were conducted on Chinese cabbage in early rosette stage, middle rosette stage, late rosette stage and early heading stage to study the effects of coring on its growth, heading and yield. [Result] The coring in earlier time was more disadvantageous to the growth, heading of plant and getting higher yield per plant. Coring treatment in any stage all had great influence on the growth and development of Chinese cabbage root, stem and leaves. Coring in early rosette stage caused the appearance of lateral bud translocation, which made the yield decrease by 20 %. Coring in middle rosette stage induced to produce the pocket Chinese cabbage with multiple spheres per plant. Coring in late rosette stage led severe abnormality of Chinese cabbage and lost application values. Coring in the early heading stage could form the super-large Chinese cabbage whose yield increased by 36 %. [Conclusion] Coring treatment in different periods would cause Chinese cabbage emerging phenomena of lateral bud translocation, multiple spheres, severe abnormality and super-large shape with increased yield.