也论测度疑问副词“莫”的来源

The Origination of the Interrogative Adverb "Mo"

文章从事实和认知理论两个方面证明测度疑问副词"莫"来源于劝止词"莫"。从事实上看,劝止词"莫"是先于且常用于疑辞"莫"产生之前的"莫",这为两者之间的演化提供了可能性;而中间状态"莫"的存在,则说明两者的来源关系是现实的。从理论上讲,劝止词"莫"和测度疑辞"莫"在对不利现实的认知上是相通的,都是表达对"不希望"的"未确知"的情况的看法,而仅在对现实的可控性上存在差异。当这种可控性差异受到事件时间状态等的影响而消失时,测度疑辞"莫"也就得以产生。

Based on historical facts and cognitive theory, the paper illustrates that interrogative adverb ＂mo＂originates in neg-imperative adverb ＂too＂. Viewed from the historical perspective, neg-im- perative ＂too＂ appears earlier and is used more commonly than interrogative ＂too＂, so the former is possible to develop into the later. In fact,there are a large number of ＂mo＂-sentences in literatures in which ＂too＂ can be interpreted as both neg-imperative and interrogative. It reveals that interrogative ＂too＂ come from imperativemo . Theoretically, interrogative ＂too＂ is similar to imperative ＂too＂ on main part cognitively,and only differs from it slightly. Both talk about adverse, uncertain and undesirable reality. The difference is whether the speaker could control the situation. When the situation becomes non-controllable because of time or other factors, interrogative ＂too＂ emerges.