海湾外籍劳务现状及其发展趋势

On the Current Situation and Developing Trend of Expatriate Workers in GCC Countries

自海湾发现石油并进行大规模开采后,海合会成员国开始利用石油美元兴建和改善各自的基础设施。但海湾国家本土劳动力匮乏和就业特点促使政府考虑大量输入外籍劳工,以致出现外籍劳工比例过高的状况。本文认为外籍劳工为当地经济发展和社会建设做出了巨大贡献,促进了海湾城市化和现代化进程,但同时也催生了社会、文化、安全等诸方面的问题,迫使海湾国家政府采取一系列政策和措施加强劳务管理。本文还探讨了海湾外籍劳务市场的发展趋势,并对中国向海湾派遣劳务提出若干建言。

With the extensive oil exploration and exploitation, countries have started spending their oil dollars ameliorating their GCC （Gulf Cooperation Council） infrastructures. For lack of native manpower and considering their employment peculiarity, their governments have no choice but to import a great many expatriate workers, which brings an overwhelming majority of the foreign labor services in GCC countries. In spite of their great contribution to the economy and social reconstruction which advances the urbanization and modernization of GCC countries, they also bring about a series of social, cultural and security issues so that the governments have to examine their relevant policies closely again and take some strict managerial measures. And in the globalization times, there are also some development tendencies in GCC countries＇ labor markets which are worth Chinese government＇s concern when sending workers to the gulf.