刑事和解制度的实证分析

Empirical Analysis of the Criminal Composition

刑事和解制度作为一项新的刑事司法和犯罪预防模式,符合构建社会主义和谐社会的要求和"宽严相济"的刑事司法政策。但由于我国目前的社会治安形势仍不容乐观,因此,应当在有限的范围内开展。目前适用的案件范围应包括告诉才处理的案件、未成年人犯罪案件、侵犯人身权利的过失犯罪案件、部分轻微刑事案件,对重罪案件则应当以民间同事纠纷、婚姻家庭矛盾引发的人身损害、侵犯财产犯罪案件为宜;适用的诉讼阶段,在公安机关侦查阶段应当仅适用轻伤害刑事案件,审查起诉和审判阶段则对符合条件的案件均可适用;达成和解的法律后果,对于不追究刑事责任的案件仍应当从严把握,对其他案件则可依法从宽处罚或适用非监禁刑。

The criminal composition, a new pattern of criminal justice and crime prevention, accords with the requirement of build of the harmonious society and the criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, while should be implemented within limited scope considering the situation of social peace of China. The criminal composition should be applied in cases to be handled only upon complaint, crimes committed by minors, negligent crimes of infringing upon citizens＂ right of the person, parts of light crimes, and certain grave crimes arising from civil disputes. In criminal procedure, the criminal composition may be implemented by the public security organ when investigating the minor injury cases, while could apply to all cases according with the applicable condition in the phase of public prosecution and trial. The legal consequence of non-criminality should be controlled strictly, while the criminal responsibility of non-imprisonment may be exercised widely.