铋系纳米材料在润滑中的应用

Application of Bismuth Based Nano-material Series on Lubrication

绿色金属铋系纳米材料在满足润滑剂环保要求同时也显示了良好的摩擦学性能。综述了近年来纳米材料的制备方法以及铋系纳米材料在润滑油脂中的作用机制和应用进展,并指出了铋系纳米材料作为润滑油脂添加剂在摩擦学中的研究发展趋势。铋系纳米材料在润滑油脂中的作用机制为:铋系纳米有机物易于吸附在摩擦金属表面上,生成了一层有机复合膜;由于铋金属纳米粒子带有电荷而向表面移动,并沉积于摩擦表面形成非晶体或无定形膜,从而起到减摩抗磨作用。铋纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散性和稳定性问题是影响其在润滑中推广应用的主要因素,通过改进纳米粒子的制备工艺及研制和合成新的分散剂和稳定剂,可解决润滑油中纳米粒子在苛刻条件下的稳定性。

As a green metal,bismuth based nanomaterial series accord with the requirement of environment protection, and they have excellent tribological performance. The preparation of nanomaterials and the research and application of bismuth based nanomaterial series in the field of lubrication were summarized,and the development about the bismuth based materials as additive in the field of tribology was introduced. The reaction mechanism of the bismuth based materials in lubrication should be：bismuth based organic easily adheres on the friction surface to create a layer of organic composite membrane, or the bismuth nanoparticles with certain electronic charge deposits on the friction surface to form the non-crystal or amorphous film, this membrane or film contributes to improving the friction-reducing and anti-wear performance. The dispersity and stability of the bismuth nanoparticles in the lubricating oil are the key factors that influence on its applica- tion;To improve the preparation process and to synthesize new dispersant or stabilizer could help to solve this stability problem in heavy condition.