低温和赤霉素对亚洲百合开花及鳞茎繁殖的效应

Effects of Chilling and Gibberellin on Flowering and Bulb Reproduction of Asiatic Hybrid Lily

以亚州百合为试材，探讨了低温冷藏、设施栽培和赤霉素结合低温处理对亚洲百合开花及新球繁殖的效应。结果表明：亚洲百合鳞茎在适宜温度5℃下冷藏56d，周径12cm以上的种球开花率达到95％以上；设施栽培（遮荫、保温及补光）比对照（露地栽培）花期提早31d，开花率98．5％；低温（5℃，56d）冷藏处理结合设施栽培，花期提早82d，开花率96．5％；赤霉素200mg／L处理加低温冷藏，花期提早92d，比冷藏处理提早10d，开花率97．3％；低温冷藏后用赤霉素200～300meCL处理，可显著提高花茎长，但对花期没有影响；低温或低温结合赤霉素处理，新球周径比常规栽培显著提高，而新球繁殖数显著降低；二次开花显著影响新球发育，籽球退化，需复壮栽培。

Asiatic hybrid lily was planted under natural climatic conditions in Fuzhou. The normal florescence of it is from April to May and the bulbs are dormant because of high temperature in summer, so it presents the characteristics of typical fall planting tuber. Effects of chilling, protected culture and gib- berellin combined with tow temperature on flowering and new bulb reproduction of Asiatic hybrid lily were studied. The results show as follows. Refrigerating at 5℃ for 56 days is the best condition to bulbs of Asiatic hybrid lily, and when perimeter of bulbs exceed 12cm flower rate can achieve over 95%. By the protected culture （shading, heat preservation and supplementary light） florescence was advanced for 31d compared with conventional culture of the control, the flower rate is 98.5 %. When the bulbs are treated with 56 days and 5℃ chilling before protected culture, flowering of 50% of the plants is 82 days earlier, the flower rate is 96.5 %. When the bulbs are treated with 200 mg/L gibberellin before the treatment of 56 days and 5℃ chilling and protected culture, flowering of 50% of the plants is 92 days and 10 days earlier than conventional culture and chilling combined protected culture of the control, the flower rate is 97.3%. When the bulbs are treated with 56 days and 5℃ chilling before the treatment of 200 and 300 mg/L gibberellin and protected culture, the length of scape obviously increases , but the florescence has not been obviously affected. When they are treated with 56 days and 5℃ chilling or chilling combined with 200 and 300 rng/L gibberellin, the new bulb perimeter obviously increases and new bulb reproduction index obviously decreases compared with conventional culture of the control; the flowering of the second time obviously affects new bulb growth and bulbs degenerate, such that bulbs culture must be rejuvenated.