树脂包膜控释尿素不同用量对玉米产量的影响及其肥效研究

Effect of Different Amounts of Controlled-Release Ures Enveloped with Colophony on Maize Yield and Studies of Its Fertilizer Efficiency

对采用树脂包膜技术制作的控释尿素Ⅰ(CRUⅠ)和控释尿素Ⅱ(CRUⅡ)进行了玉米田间试验,并与普通尿素(CU)进行了肥效对比。结果表明:施肥处理的土壤硝态氮含量显著高于不施肥处理(ck),在玉米成熟期,控释尿素土壤硝态氮含量仍然保持着很高的数值,CRUⅡ3土壤硝态氮含量为11.62 mg/kg。从苗期到抽雄期,施氮肥各处理的土壤铵态氮含量与ck和ck1处理之间差异显著,土壤铵态氮含量在玉米成熟期比吐丝期增多,但各氮肥处理之间无显著差异,CRUⅡ3土壤铵态氮含量为14.93 mg/kg。控释尿素显示了良好的养分控释效果。施用控释尿素后,控释尿素Ⅱ(CRUⅡ2)处理玉米产量达到了10678.60 kg/hm2,比对照(ck)增产6197.98 kg/hm2,增收3 182.39元/hm2,产投比达到了1.78∶1,且穗粒数、百粒重、经济效益均较对照增加显著,是一类很有发展前景的新型控释肥料。

A maize field experiment was conducted on CRU Ⅰ and CRU Ⅱ made by colophony enveloping technology and their fertilizer efficiency compared to the CU . The results were as follows： soil NO3^- - N content under fertilization treatments was higher than ck, at maize maturity stage, soil NO3^- - N content of CRU was also high, soil NO^3- - N content of CRU Ⅱ 3 was 11.62 mg/kg. From seedling stage to tasseling stage, soil NH4^＋ - N content of fertilization treatments was significantly different from the ck and ckl. Soil NH4^＋ - N content at maize maturity stage was higher than at silking stage, but there was no difference among different fertilization treatments. Soil NH4^＋ - N content of CRU Ⅱ 3 was 14.93 mg/kg. Controlled-release ures are of good nutrient release effect. After using the controlled release ures, yield of maize treated with CRU Ⅱ 2 reached 10 678.60 kg/hm^2, 6 197.98 kg/hm^2 higher than the ck. Income increased by 3 182.39 yuan/hm^2. Ratio of O/I reached 1.78： 1. Kernel number per ear, 100-grain weight and economic benefit were obviously increased compared to the ck. It is a potential controlled release fertilezer,