水肥耦合对保护地辣椒水分利用效率的影响

Coupling Effect of Water and Fertilizers on Irrigation Water Use Efficiency under the Condition of Capsicum Cultivation in Protective Field

采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计,研究了水肥耦合效应对辣椒保护地土壤水分的变化和灌溉水利用率的影响。结果表明:土壤含水量的大小不仅与灌水量有关系,而且受作物、棚内小气候等多方面的影响。生物量愈高,吸水愈多,土壤水分消耗越多。灌水、施氮和施磷对辣椒灌溉水利用效率的影响相近,施磷影响稍大。灌水和施肥对灌溉水利用效率的交互作用是相互拮抗的,增加灌水量可降低灌溉水利用效率,施肥能提高灌溉水利用效率,本试验以氮磷固定在零水平,即施纯氮358.7 kg/hm2,施纯磷(P2O5)120.0 kg/hm2时,灌溉水利用效率较高。

By means of the quadratic orthogonal rotatory combination design, the coupling effect of water and fertilizers on changes of soil moisture content and irrigation water use efficiency under the condition of capsicum cultivation in protective field was studied. The results show that soil moisture content was affected by irrigation quantity, capsicum and greenhouse microclimate etc., water uptake of capsicum and con- sume of soil water was high when capsicum biomass was high. Effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer were close on irrigation water use efficiency, effect of phosphate fertilizer was a little greater than others. Effect of irrigation was opposite to fertilization on irrigation water use efficiency, increasing irrigation decreases irrigation water use efficiency, but fertilization can improve irrigation water use efficiency, irrigation water use efficiency was the maximum at 0 level of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer cede（namely application N 358.7 kg/hm^2,application P205 120.0 kg/hm^2）.