山西省运城地区流行性乙型脑炎的流行病学及临床特点

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B in Yuncheng area of Shanxi Province

目的对2006年山西省运城地区流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)进行流行病学及临床特点分析。方法收集79例确诊为乙脑的住院患者及相关资料,对流行病学特征、临床特点、实验室检查及治疗转归进行综合分析。结果乙脑患者以中、老年居多,占78.5%;发病季节集中于7、8、9月份;农民69例,占87.3%。所有患者均有发热;73例患者有意识障碍,占92.4%;27例有呼吸衰竭,占34.2%;乙脑特异性IgM抗体检测阳性率为85.1%。20例患者出现并发症,占25.3%。出院时完全康复37例,占46.8%;死亡14例,占17.7%;好转和自动出院分别为12和16例。7例(8.9%)留有不同程度的神经功能障碍。结论流行病学特征及临床特点是诊断乙脑的重要依据。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B in Yuncheng area of Shanxi Province in 2006. Methods Seventy-nine cases diagnosed with epidemic encephalitis B were enrolled in this study and correlated data, epidemic and clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations and treatment outcome were analyzed. Results Sixty-two of 79 patients （78.5%） were middle-aged or old people, all cases （100%） occurred in July, August and September, 69 cases （87. 3%） were peasants. All patients （100%） had fever, 73 （92. 4%） had conscious disturbance, 27 （34.2%） had respiratory failure. Encephalitis B specific IgM antibody was examined and 40 cases （85. 1%） were positive. Twenty cases （25. 3%） had complications. When they were discharged, 37 cases （46.8%） recovered completely, 14 cases （17. 7%） died, 12 were improved and 16 were voluntarily discharged, 7 cases （8.9 %） left more or less neurological deficits. Conclusion The epidemiology and clinical characteristics are important basis to diagnose epidemic encephalitis B.