超临界CO_2在PLA纤维染色中的应用

Application of supercritical CO_2 in dyeing polylatic acid fiber

针对织物染色加工耗水量、排污量大的问题,探讨采用无水染色技术——超临界CO2对PLA纤维进行染色的可行性。通过试验探讨了温度、时间、压力对纤维染色效果和力学性能的影响;采用正交试验法确定了最佳染色工艺。结果表明:以超临界CO2流体为介质染PLA纤维比相同温度下水介质中得色深;随着温度的升高,纤维K/S值明显提高;染色压力升高或时间延长,K/S值有一个最大值,并非压力越高、时间越长,得色越深。最佳染色工艺为染色温度100℃、时间40 min、压力20 MPa。

The feasibility of dyeing polylatic acid fiber with supercritical CO2 fluid is studied for solving the problems of larger amount of water consumption and effluent discharge from dyeing of fabrics. This paper studied the effect of temperature, time and pressure on dyeing and mechanical properties of fibers. The optimal technological conditions were determined by orthogonal experiments. The results showed that deeper shade could be achieved in supercritical CO2 medium than in water at the same temperature; The K/S value of PLA fiber was better with the increasing of temperature; K/S had a biggest value when the pressure increased or time prolonged; color yield not always depends on the increasing of pressure or time. The best processing conditions were ： dyeing temperature 100 ℃ ,time 40 min,pressure 20 MPa.