从言语博弈看礼貌体系中交际双方策略的选择

From Speech Game Viewing the Selection of Politeness Strategies in Speech Communication

在言语交际中,面子的保持取决于双方策略的正确选择,交际双方的面子利益是互相依存的。然而,个人理性的选择并不一定能使交际双方都受益最大。因此,在交际中选择恰当的礼貌策略来保持面子就变得尤为重要。从经济学博弈论的基本模式——"囚徒的困境"入手,说明在言语博弈中交际者也会陷入"囚徒的困境",并探讨走出该困境需采取的总体原则和礼貌策略。

In speech communication,keeping face is subject to the proper choice of both parties in communication. The faces of both parties are closely related,and the rational choice of an individual does not necessarily achieve the maximum of collective interests. Therefore,the proper choice of politeness strategy is of vital significance for keeping face. Beginning with the basic model of the game theory--prisoner＇s dilemma,this article explains that both parties in the speech game will also fall into Prisoners＇ Dilemma,and then explores the general principles and politeness strategies which can be employed to break away from the dilemma.