小麦F_2杂种优势利用研究

STUDY ON THE UTILIZATION OF F 2 HETEROSIS IN WHEAT

通过５×５不完全双列杂交２５个组合产量分析，阐明小麦Ｆ２潜在有可利用的杂种优势。采用遗传基础复杂、综合性状好、配合力高的纯系品种（系）作亲本，筛选强优势Ｆ２组合。双亲抽穗期差异≤４．４３天，株高差异≤５．２ｃｍ，芒、壳色、粒色等性状基本一致，有助于提高Ｆ２群体整齐度。应用化学杂交剂ＳＣ２０５３诱导母本雄性不育制种技术，取得Ｆ１杂种，Ｆ１杂种自交得Ｆ２杂种，用于生产。

The latent usable valuable F 2 heterosis in wheat was expounded bythe yield analysis of 25 hybrids obtained from an 5×5 imcomplete diallel cross.The F 2 strong-heterosis hybrids were produced between the pure varieties orstrains with complicated genetic basis, good comprehensive characters and highcombining ability. The even degree of F 2 population was increased by means ofselecting the parents, which have the differences of not over 4.43 days and 5.2cm in the heading period and the plant height respectively, except showing ondifferences basically in awn, shell color and kernal color etc. The F 2 hybridsfrom the selfing of F 1 hybrids were used in production. The F 1 hybrids wereacquired through the technique of producing seeds using maternal male sterilesinduced by the chemical hybrid agent (CHA) Sc2053.