渭北旱地冬小麦不同降水年型栽培技术模型研究

Cultivation Technique Model of Winter Wheat with Different Annual Precipitations in Weibei Dryland

在旱控制条件下，用四因素五水平通用旋转设计，研究渭北旱塬氮、磷、水、密度因素对冬小麦产量的影响，结果表明：①氮、磷、水、密度对冬小麦的增产顺序是水＞氮＞磷＞密度；②氮、磷的增产作用随降水量的增加而显著增加，在干旱年份，增施氮、磷肥无显著增产作用，正常年与丰水年，增施氮磷肥有显著的增产作用。密度对冬小麦产量无明显影响；③水分对施肥量的校正模型为Ｘ１（Ｎ）＝０．２３－０．２４８Ｘ４，Ｘ２（Ｐ２Ｏ５）＝０．２７７６＋０．７１７２Ｘ４。

By means of regression design with 4 factors of N, P ,density and water and their 5 levels underthe greenhouse condition in Heyang County, the effects of the 4 factors on winter wheat yields have been studied. The results show that:①The yield responses of winter wheat to the 4 factors follow the sequence: water>N>P>density; ②The applications of N and P can abviously increase the yield with the increase in precipitation. In the years of little annual precipitation,application of N and P can't bring about abvious yield increase, but significant increase in yield can be obtained in common rainfall years and abundant rainfall years, while the density has little effect on the wheat yield; ③ The calibration models of water for recommendation of fertilizer rate are: X 1 (N)=0.230.248X 4 (W), X 2 (P 2 O 5 )= 0.2776+ 0.7172X 4 (W).