对外汉语课堂教学量化工具的设计构想

A design of the quantification instrument for classes of teaching Chinese as a foreign language

课堂教学是对外汉语教学过程中最重要的一个环节，但由于缺乏有效的客观研究方法和量化工具，导致这方面的研究进展缓慢。本文首先梳理了国外语言课堂教学研究的主要进展，并对COLT量表、IRF话语分析模式以及T-unit句长分析法等常用的观察工具和分析模式进行了评述。在此基础上，本文借鉴COLT量表的分类系统和操作方式，结合国内对外汉语课堂教学的特点，设计了对外汉语课堂观察量表。该量表分观察对象、课堂活动和教师语言三个部分，对每部分的设计和使用都进行了详细的说明。

Classroom teaching plays a crucial role in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Due to the lack of effectively objective research methods and measurement instruments, researches in this field shows a delayed pace. This paper first makes an overview of the development of langnage classroom researches abroad, and makes comments on frequently used observation instruments and analysis patterns, such as COLT Scale, IRF discourse analysis pattern, and T-unit sentence-length analysis method. Furthermore, in view of the COLT classification system and operation manner as well as the characteristics of classroom teaching of Chinese as a foreign langnage at home, we have designed an observation instrument for teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This measurement tool consists of three parts, which are, observation object, classroom activity and teacher＇s language; and the design and use of each part have been elaborately documented.