生理死腔与潮气量比率测定的临床研究进展

Clinical research progress of measurement of ratio of physiological dead space to tidal volume

生理死腔与潮气量比率（Vo／Vt）是反映肺通气效率的重要呼吸生理指标。近年来，通过同步测量气道流量及CO2浓度构成单次呼吸二氧化碳容积曲线图（SBT-CO2：singlebreath test for CO2）来测量Vo／Vt及死腔量，方便、快捷、重复性好。本文将近年来Vo／Vt及死腔量测定在急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺血栓栓塞症、慢性阻塞性肺疾病等疾病的早期诊断和鉴别诊断、动态监测、疗效评价和ICU通气管理等方面的临床应用研究加以综述。

The ratio of physiological dead space to tidal volume （VD/VT） is a vital respiratory physiological index which can represent efficiency of lung ventilation. In recent years, the popular method of VD/VT measurement is the chart of single breath test for CO2 which is constituted by synchronous measuring airway flow and CO2 concentration and is a convenient,prompt method and good reproducibility. The clinical application of VD/VT and dead space fraction measurement in the patients with COPD and ARDS and PTE were summarized by this review during the recent years. Especially, it focuses on early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring and therapeutic evaluation in the patients with COPD and ARDS and PTE and ventilation management in ICU.