以降低电价为纽带的电力产业价格链形成机制研究

Creation mechanisms of electricity price chains with price reduction as tache

电力产业是国民经济的基础产业,电价的高低直接影响到企业竞争力和居民生活水平。随着电力体制改革的深入,我国电价结构将由单一的销售电价逐渐发展成为包括上网电价、输配电电价和零售电价在内的多元化价格链。研究了我国的电力价格链及电价形成机制。指出电力设备折旧年限、发输配电价格比例关系和需求侧响应是影响我国电价水平的主要因素,制定合适的电力设备折旧政策,确定价格链中上网电价和输配电价的合理比例,完善电力市场竞争结构,削弱市场力的实施,综合优化设计多元化零售电价体系是完善我国电力产业价格链形成机制的有效途径。

Electric power industry is fundamental to national economy,and electricity price directly affects competition competence of enterprises and living condition of residents.With deepening of electric power industry restructuring,the electricity price structure in China will gradually develop from single retail price to a diversified price chain including the on-grid price,transmission price,distribution price,and retail price.The electricity price chain in China and its creation mechanism are studied,and it is pointed out that the depreciable life of power equipment,the proportional relation among prices of generation,transmission and distribution,and the demand side response are the main factors influencing electricity price in China.Base on that,it is concluded that effective approaches to improve the electricity price chain creation mechanism of China include development of the power equipment depreciation policy,determination of reasonable proportion of on-grid price,transmission price,and distribution price,improvement of competitive structure of electricity market,weakening of market force,and optimization of diversified retail price system.