矿震监测定位系统的研究及应用

STUDY ON ROCKBURST MONITORING AND ORIENTATION SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATION

为确定矿震发生的时间、地点、震级,结合煤矿实际情况,研制一套国内首台具有自主知识产权的矿区千米尺度破坏性矿震监测定位系统。该系统采用在矿区地面布置4个子台,子台由三分向加速度传感器组成,拾取振动波信号。为保证4个子台矿震数据的时间精度,采用GPS网络授时作为时间基准,通过对振动波的频率、振幅等特征分析,对矿震波进行自动识别,排除放炮等振动信号。各子台矿震信号通过网络传输到中心测控机,中心测控机对各子台进行远程控制管理,监控各子台的工作状态。中心测控机对数据进行处理和分析,计算矿震发生时刻,通过振动波持续时间计算矿震震级,采用3种方法计算矿震发生位置。该系统可为矿井迅速准确组织救灾、减少损失提供依据。同时,通过对每天矿震发生的时间、次数、位置、震级进行统计分析,可对未来的矿震发生趋势进行预测。系统的运行情况表明,监测结果与实际矿震较吻合,定位结果小于规定的误差上限。

In order to ascertain time, position and magnitude of rockburst occurrence, considering the actual situation of coal mine, rockburst monitoring and orientation system is developed. This system can monitor destructive rockburst in kilometer dimension of mining area and has the independent intellectual property fight in China. Four substations composed of three-component acceleration sensors are laid in the mining area floor, collecting vibration wave signal. In order to guarantee the time accuracy of rockburst data of four substations, GPS network time service can be achieved. Based on the characteristics analysis of the vibration wave frequency and amplitude, rockburst wave is identified automatically; and vibration signals of shooting and so on are eliminated. The rockburst signals of every substation are transmitted to the center measuring and controlling computer by the network. The center measuring and controlling computer manages every substation by remote control, monitoring working condition of every substation. At the same time, by the center measuring and controlling computer, the data is analyzed and managed; the time of rockburst occurrence is calculated; and the rockburst magnitude is computed by duration of rockburst wave. Three methods for computing the location of rockburst are adopted. This system provides a basis for prompt and accurate disaster relief and decrease of loss in the mine. At the same time, the statistic analysis of the time, frequency, location and magnitude of rockburst occurrence is carried out every day with the system; and the future trend of rockburst occurrence can be forecasted. The operation of this system in a year shows that the monitoring results are fully identical with the actual rockburst; and the orientation results are smaller than the error of upper limit.