葫芦岛市五里河土壤—植物系统中汞的迁移

Transfer of mercury in soil-plant system of Wuli River, Huludao City

为了探讨汞污染对环境各要素的影响,采用冷原子吸收法研究葫芦岛市五里河沿岸土壤、植物中汞含量.结果表明,草本植物茎叶汞含量为0.003～3.024mg/kg,植物根土汞含量为0.509～17.576mg/kg,草本植物叶汞含量为辽东蒿>水蓼>芦苇>曼陀罗>扁杆鹿草>苍耳>稗草.不同器官汞含量为根>叶>果实(穗)>茎,草本植物根汞含量、果实汞含量与土壤汞含量相关,叶与茎汞含量呈显著相关.草本植物汞的生物吸收能力因植物种类的不同而异,五里河沿岸草本植物的生物吸收系数高于Перельман分类系统中汞的生物吸收系数,属于强累积类,说明在严重汞污染的环境条件下,草本植物对汞表现为强累积.

For inquiring into the influence of mercury pollution on each faction of the environment, cold atomic adsorption technique was applied to determine the mercury content in the soils and plants in the coast of Wuli River, Huludao City. The mercury content of the stem and leave was 0.003-3.024mg/kg and the root soil was 0.509-17.576mg/kg. The mercury content of herb leaves was Artemisia verbenacea〉Polygonum hydropiper〉Phragmites australis〉Datura stramonium〉Scirpus planiculmis Fr.Schmidt〉Xanthium sibiricum Patr.〉Echinochloa Crusgalli. The mercury content of different organs was roots〉leave〉fruits〉stems, the mercury contents in roots and fruits were relative with mercury contents in soil, the mercury contents in leaves and stems existed marked relation. The biological adsorbability of herb on mercury varied with difference of plant kinds. The biological adsorbing coefficient of herb in the coast of the Wuli River was higher than that in Перельман classified systems, belonging to the strong accumulating kinds, showing that under heavy mercury pollution environmental condition, herb showed strong accumulating on mercury.