论教育中的惩罚

On the Punishment in Education

教育中恰当的惩罚对维护教育秩序和促进学生社会化具有不可替代的作用。教育中的惩罚与社会中的惩罚在目的、情感基础、种类和量度等方面存在着明显的差异。在教育中正确地使用惩罚首先要划清正义与权威角色、群体领域与个人领域、过错行为与糟糕结果、故意行为与非故意行为、非遵从行为与故意违规行为等的界线。在教育中执行惩罚要做好奠定情感基础、选择惩罚种类、控制惩罚量度等方面的工作。惩罚中应坚持慎罚、指向过错、及时与坚定、一视同仁、保持关爱等原则,还要从过错行为和过错动机的消减水平两个方面来评估惩罚使用的效果。

The proper punishment in education is irreplaceable for keeping the order of education and promoting students＇ socialization. There are obvious differences between the punishment in education and that in society in terms of objective, emotional foundation,scales and styles, etc. To use punishment correctly in education, the following boundaries should be clarified between justice and authority role, the fields of group and the individual, the fault behaviory, and the terrible result, intent and non-intent behavior the unconformity behavior and deliberate rule broken behavior. To carry out punishment in education, we should establish a good emotional foundation, choose the suitable type of punishment and control the degree of punishment. In punishment, we should keep the principles of prudent punishment, pointing to the mistakes, being in time and firm, extending the same treatment to all and retaining kindhearted. Besides, we should evaluate the result of punishment in terms of the reduced level of both fault behavior and fault motive.