大黄蒽醌提取物对饲养建鲤生长的影响

Effects of Anthraquinones Extracted from Rheum officinale on the Growth of Jian Carp

将750尾建鲤（Cyprinus carpio var.jian）随机分成5组。一组为对照组,投喂基础日粮。另外4组为实验组,投喂的基础日粮中分别添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%大黄蒽醌提取物。连续投喂70d后,测定鱼的生长、免疫相关因子、肠道菌数量及肉质等。结果表明,与对照组相比,添加大黄蒽醌提取物提高了鱼体增重率、饲料转化效率、溶菌酶活性、一氧化氮浓度、超氧化物歧化酶活性,促进了肠道有益菌增加,抑制有害菌生长,降低了丙二醛含量及鱼体死亡率,但是与大黄蒽醌提取物的添加水平不成线性关系;其中1.0%实验组肝胰脏溶菌酶与超氧化物歧化酶活性最高,血清丙二醛含量最低;2.0%实验组增重率、血清一氧化氮浓度与超氧化物歧化酶活性、肝胰脏一氧化氮浓度、肠道乳酸杆菌数量最高;添加1.0%-2.0%大黄蒽醌提取物显著提高了肌肉粗脂肪含量。因此,添加1.0%-2.0%大黄蒽醌提取物能改善肠道的微生态平衡,提高机体免疫机能,改善肉质,促进鱼体生长。

A total of 750 Jian Carp （ Cyprinus carpio var. jian） were randomly divided into five groups. The control group was fed with basal diet,and the other treated groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5% ,1.0%, 2.0 %, and 4.0 % anthraquinones extracts, respectively. After 70 days of feeding, the growth, change of immunological indices, quantities of intestinal bacteria and fresh quality were investigated. The results showed that the weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, lysozyme activity, nitric oxide content, superoxide dismutase activity, available bacteria quantity of intestinal chyme were improved, and mortal fish rate, vibrios quantity of intestinal chyme were reduced in the fish treated with different doses of anthraquinones extracts. It was shown that lysozyme and superoxide dismutase activities in hepatopancreas were the highest, while malondialdehyde content in serum was the lowest in the 1.0% anthraquinones extract group; and the weight gain, nitric oxide content and superoxide dismutase activity in serum, and the intestinal Lactobacillus quantity were the highest in the 2.0% anthraquinones extract group. Supplementation of 1.0% - 2.0% anthraquinones extracts also significantly increased the ether extract contents in fish muscle. So Supplementation of 1.0% - 2.0% anthraquinones extracts can significantly improve the intestinal balance of microecology, promote immune ability, and enhance fish flesh quality and growth.