毛花猕猴桃原生质体再生植株根尖染色体数目变异与细胞多核现象

SOMACLONAL VARIATION IN CHROMOSOME NUMBER AND NUCLEI NUMBER OF REGENERATED PLANTS FROM PROTOPLASTS OF ACTIN1DIA ERIANTHA

对18株毛花猕猴桃(Actinidia eriantha Benth.)原生质体再生植株的体细胞染色体数做了观察,其中12株为整倍体:二倍体(2n=58)和四倍体(2n=116)各6株;另外6株为混倍体,其染色体数目变化在59～203之间。还发现原生质体再生植株有丝分裂间期细胞存在多核现象,有多核细胞的共10株,细胞核数目以双核和三核较常见,最多的有7个核。对照植株为2n=2x=58,未发现多核细胞。

By counting the chromosome number of root tip cells in 18 regenerated plants derived from protoplasts of Actinidia eriantha Benth. ,the authors found 12 euploid plants and 6 mixoploid plants. Of the 12 euploid plants,6 were diploid (2n = 2x = 58) and the other 6 were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 116). The chromosome numbers of the mixoploid plants varied from 59 to 203. Multinucle-ate phenomenon was also observed in the interphase cells of 10 protoplast-derived plants. Cells with binuclei or trinuclei were common and cells having heptanuclei were also seen occassionally. Multin-ucleate phenomenon did not occur in the control, i. e. , the donor plant, where the chromosome number was 2n = 2x = 58.