关于制定县级“生态农业规范”的研究

A study on stipulation of the criteria for the construction of eco-agricultural counties in China.

在制定县级生态农业规范中,应强调贯彻社会、经济和生产、环境效益统一的原则。在生态农业系统中,首先应注重社会效益的投入,主要包括人口控制,扫除文盲,普及义务教育,加强道德、人生观、文化和科技教育,科研和科技机构配套;其次,经济效益指标应是年人均国民生产总值(GNP)和人均收入的增加;第三,在生产和环境规范中.不仅有粮食单产、农产品商品率、种植业的输出/输入、畜牧业产值/总农业产值等生产技术指标,还应有林草覆盖、退化土壤治理、节水农业、配方施肥、病虫害综合防治和“三废”处理百分率等环境效益指标。此外,生态农业县建设可分为3个不同的发展阶段,根据我国东部沿海和中西部内陆地区经济发展水平的不同,分别提出不同的指标。

The criteria for the construction of eco-agricultural counties in China should coordinate social ,economic and environmental effects together. Firstly,the social effects should he emphasized,which include population control, cultural, scientific and moral education, technical trainning and so on. Secondly the economic criteria should reflect the increase of gross national product (GNP) and average income per capita every year. Thirdly for the criteria of production and environment, not only are the yield, commodity rate of agricultural products, input/output in planting,animal husbandary output value/total agricultural output value included,but alsoare the forest and grass coverage,management of the degenerated land,water-saving agriculture, recommended fertilization, integrated pest management ,waste water treatment and etc. included. The construction of eco-agricultural counties can be divided into three stages,and on the basis of different situations in east coastal regions and west inland regions, the criteria are presented respectively.