论大陆架和专属经济区两种制度及中日东海划界

On the EEZ and Continental Shelf Regimes and the Delimitation in East China Sea

中国2004年5月底开发春晓油气田后,中日在东海的管辖划界争议升温。日本指责中国侵犯其专属经济区权益。春晓油气田的开发实际涉及的是大陆架的矿物资源,而非专属经济区的生物资源。中日东海争议的焦点是大陆架和专属经济区两种制度,而非日本单方面定的"中间线"。本文以《联合国海洋法公约》为依据,着重分析大陆架和专属经济区的两种制度及其异同;并参照国际上的一些实例,提议中日在东海宜以大陆架和专属经济区两条线来划界,作为过渡措施在两条线之间搞共同开发。文中对日本提出的"中间线"作了法理分析。

Since China＇s exploitation of the Chunxiao gas field in May 2004, the Sino-Japanese disputes over the delimitation of the East China Sea has become more intense. Japan criticizes China for encroaching upon its EEZ （exclusive economic zone） rights and interests. The Chinese are actually exploiting the mineral resources in the continental shelf area, rather than the biotic resources in the EEZ. The crux of the disputes between China and Japan over the East China Sea concerns the continental shelf and the EEZ regimes, instead of the ＂median line＂ proposed by Japan unilaterally. Based on the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, this papers analyzes the two regimes, addressing their differences and similarities. In view of some international practices, the author believes that it helps resolve the issue that the East China Sea be delimited according to both the continental shelf and the EEZ regimes, and as an interim measure, the area left alone by both regimes being a joint development zone. The paper also analyzes the ＂median line＂ imposed by Japan from the standpoint of law.