杀鼠迷小麦毒饵实验室、不同现场灭鼠效果及对非靶动物的毒性实验观察

Study on the deratization effect of 0.0375% racumin wheat bait in laboratory and different fields and its toxicity to non-target animals

目的了解0.0375%杀鼠迷小麦毒饵在实验室、不同现场的灭鼠效果及对非靶动物的毒性,为今后灭鼠工作提供科学依据。方法用群饲有选择给饵法测定毒饵的适口性及实验室灭鼠效果,用100格粉板法测定鼠密度,计算灭鼠率。用单笼饲养无选择给饵法测定杀鼠迷毒饵对家兔、鸡的毒性,并测定猫、犬对杀鼠迷毒饵二次中毒情况。结果摄食系数为0.73,实验室灭鼠率为100%;农村、食堂、饭店、食品超市、食品加工厂的现场灭鼠率分别为97.61%、97.43%、97.71%、100%和100%,现场总灭鼠率为98.02%,现场总校正灭鼠率为98.17%;连续给药3 d,家兔、鸡的死亡率分别为40%和20%;连续给药5 d,家兔、鸡的死亡率分别为100%和80%;给家猫连续3 d喂食中毒的小白鼠,犬连续2 d喂食中毒的褐家鼠,均未见中毒反应。结论0.0375%杀鼠迷适口性好,实验室及不同现场灭鼠效果显著,对非靶动物有一定的毒性,但危害不大,是一种比较安全的灭鼠剂。

Objective To understand the deratization effect and toxicity of 0.0375% racumin wheat bait to non-target animals in laboratory and different fields, and provide scientific basis for rodent control. Methods Detecting the palatableness and effect of poison bait on deratization in laboratory by the methods of grouping rising and providing poison bait selectively, and determine the rat density with 100 standards powderboards method and calculate the deratization rate, toxicity of poison bait to rabbit and chicken by the methods of single rising and providing poison bait non-selectively and detect indirect toxicity of poison bait by feeding cats and dogs with poison bait. Results The coefficient of intake was 0.73, the deratization rate was 100 % in laboratory; It was 97.61%, 97.43 %, 97.71%, 100 % and 100 % respectively in natural countryside, canteen, hotel, food supermarket and food processing factory. The total field deratization rate was 98.02 %, the corrected total field deratization rate was98.17%; when continuously providing poison bait 3 d, the mortality rate of rabbit and chicken was 40% and 20% respectively, while continuously providing 5 d, the mortality rate was 100% and 80% respectively. When feeding cat continuously 3 d with poisoned mouse and domestic dog continuously 2 d with poisoned brown rat, no poisoning occurred. Conclusion The palatableness of the product is good, the deratization effect are good in laboratory and different fields, it has toxicity to the non-targetanimal, but the effect is limited, so it is a good and relatively safe rodenticide.