早产的危险因素及对早产儿影响的临床分析

Clinical analysis of the risk factors of premature delivery and their effects on the premature infants

目的:探讨早产危险因素及对早产儿的影响,降低早产发生率及围生儿的患病率和病死率。方法:回顾性分析622例早产的主要高危因素,将其分为阴式分娩组和剖宫产组,对不同原因所致的早产儿预后进行比较。结果:胎膜早破、多胎妊娠及妊高征是早产的主要因素;胎龄小死亡率高;剖宫产组和阴式分娩组早产儿的存活率及发病率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:早产是新生儿发病和死亡的主要原因,窒息及颅内出血是早产儿死亡的主要原因,早产不是剖宫产的禁忌证。

Objective ：To discuss the main risk factors of premature delivery and their effects on the premature infants. Methods：To study the main risk factors,we coUedted 622 cases of premature delivery,divided them to caesarean section group and vaginal delivery group, and analysed the prognosis of the prematurity for different causes.Results：Premature rupture of membrane,multiple pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome were the main risk factors of premature delivery;the mortality of prematurity increased along with the decrease of the gestational age especially less than 32 weeks;the mortality and morbidity （especially intracranial hemorrhage） of two groups were significantly different（P〈0105）. Conclusion：Premature delivery is the main cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, asphyxia and intracranial hemorrhage are the main causes of neonate death ,premature delivery is no contraindication of caesarean section.