计算机控制的Ishihara色觉测试法(英文)

Computer adapted Ishihara test in 104 students

目的:研究经计算机控制的Ishihara测试法诊断色盲的可靠性及其与经典Ishihara测试法的一致性,计算机控制的Ishihara测试法的敏感性与特异性;并探讨该测试方法在检测先天性色盲或色弱中的潜在价值。方法:用两种方法测试104名大学生的色觉,年龄20～23岁(中位数21岁)。分别采用经计算机控制的Ishihara色板和经典的Ishihara打印色板显露法对个体色觉进行检查。通过上述两种不同的方法评价每个学生对颜色的感知能力,借此探讨计算机控制的Ishihara测试法的特异性,准确性以及与经典法的一致性。结果:本实验共检测到6位男性色盲患者和1位女性色盲患者。调查该女性学生的家族史,发现其母亲为色盲基因携带者,而其父亲为色盲患者。本实验中男性色盲患病率为13.6%(6/44),女性为1.7%(1/60);整个人群总的患病率为6.7%(7/104)。进行本试验前,这些学生并未意识到自己存在色觉功能缺陷。为探讨这两种方法的一致性,分别对色觉正常和患色盲的学生的测试结果进行比较。结果表明:两种实验方法的特异性及敏感性均为100%,一致性达到100%。结论:计算机控制的Ishihara测试法是数字调控性的,但有关色觉测试的基本概念没有改变。该法总的测试时间和误差计分都已标准化,与手动测试法相比有明显的优势;而且该法与被认为是"金标准"的经典测试法的一致性达到100%。这些特征表明,计算机控制的Ishihara测试法是一种新颖和可靠的方法。

AIM：To investigate the validity of computer-adapted Ishihara test and the concordance with classic Ishihara test for the diagnosis of colour blindness.The sensitivity and the specificity of computer-adapted Ishihara test and potential usefulness of the test for detecting congenital colour blindness or colour vision deficiency were discussed.METHODS：Colour vision of 104 university students aged between 20 and 23（median 21） years was evaluated by two methods.These methods are：1） Individual test method based on computer-adapted Ishihara colour plates;2） Individual test method based on classic method of exposing Ishihara colour printed plates.The capabilities of students perceiving colours were evaluated by these two different methods.The specificity,concordance and validity for the computer adapted Ishihara test method were investigated.RESULTS：There were 6 male and 1 female colour blind students.The pedigree of the female student proved to have a carrier mother and colour blind father.The incidence of colour blindness was 13.6 %（6/44） among males and 1.7%（1/60） for females.The incidence of colour blindness in whole population was 6.7 %（7/104） .These students had not been aware that they have colour vision deficiency before our examination tests.Test results of students with normal colour vision and the students with colour blindness were compared as well as the two test methods in terms of concordance.The sensitivity and the specificity were both found to be 100 % and concordance was also found 100 %.CONCLUSION：Computer-adapted Ishihara test is digitally mastered,and remains true with respect to the basic concepts of color vision testing.It has obvious advantages over manual testing because its total test time and its error scores are standardized.It has been found 100% in agreement with the golden standard of classic Ishihara test.These features make this test original and dependable one.